Editing Opportunistic CT (section)

==Effective Dose==

Some estimates of effective dose are summarized in the table below, taken from the cited sources.

{| class="wikitable" 
|+ Estimates of Effective Dose<sup>1,2,3</sup>
|-
! Scan !! Effective Dose (mSv)
|-
| Head || 2.2
|-
| Full Spine || 20.6
|-
| Cervical || 3.6
|-
| Thoracic || 12.0
|-
| Lumbar || 5.0
|-
| Chest || 6.0
|-
| Chest/Abdo/Pelvis || 19.0
|-
| Abdo/Pelvis || 15.6
|-
| Knees || 0.16
|-
| Ankles || 0.14
|}

<sup>1</sup>Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD) Nationwide Evaluation of X-ray Trends (NEXT) 2005-2006 [https://crcpd.org/document/nationwide-evaluation-of-x-ray-trends-next-tabulation-and-graphical-summary-of-the-2005-2006-survey-of-computed-tomography/ report]. 

<sup>2</sup>CRCPD, Publication E-07-2, Tabulation and Graphical Summary of 2000 Survey of Computed Tomograph, (NEXT), August, 2007

<sup>3</sup>Biswas et al. Radiation Exposure from Musculoskeletal Computerized Tomographic Scans. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 2009. 

<b>Notes:</b>

*<b>Full Spine</b>: From the base of the skull (C1) to the sacrum (through L5), effective dose of 20.6 mSv (adding up dose of all spine scans)

*<b>Extended Chest/Abdo/Pelvis</b> (or Full Spine + Abdo/Pelvis): From the base of the skull (C1) through the proximal femur. Effective dose of 25.2 mSv (cervical spine + chest + abdo/pelvis). Likely this is an overestimation. 

Dose Length Product (DLP) of ARTININ scans is usually between 270 – 400 mGy-cm. 

Converting between mGy-cm to effective dose (as described by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report No. 96): 
 E (mSv) = k × DLP
where <code>k</code> is the normalized effective dose per dose-length product for adults.

Estimated effective dose for ARTININ (as according to DLP): 
 E (mSv) = 0.015 × 400 
 E (mSv) = 6 mSv

Note that in the ARTININ consent we list 10 mSv, which is on the high end (which would be for a larger person).

Full spine (estimates of DLP taken from a few participants in the spinal cord injury group): 705 - 958. 55m mGy-cm 

Note that DLP is over twice what is observed in ARTININ 
 E (mSv) = 0.015 × 958.55 
 E (mSv) = 14.5 mSv

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